![]() borderline decreased left systolic function in the absence of left ventricular dilation) if the animal is progressing toward or recovering from DCM. For animals without DCM, there may be a spectrum of cardiac changes visualized on echocardiogram (e.g. Non-DCM Cardiac Cases:Īccording to the medical records reviewed for the non-DCM cardiac disease cases, other cardiac changes were present on echocardiogram, including degenerative valvular disease, tricuspid and mitral valve regurgitation, and borderline to decreased left ventricular systolic function. Approximately 9% (n=18) and 8% (n=17) of dogs with DCM had a history of hypothyroidism and one or more tick-borne diseases (e.g. Approximately 38% (n=77) of dogs with DCM had a history of confirmed or suspected allergies or sensitivities to an environmental and/or food allergen that was manifested as dermatitis, otitis, or gastrointestinal disease. ![]() Of the pets with confirmed DCM, approximately 15% (n=32) also had evidence of valvular degeneration and 12% (n=24) had atrial fibrillation. Approximately 61% of dogs (n=123) and 100% of cats (n=6) with confirmed DCM had progressed to congestive heart failure. Of 340 dogs and 9 cats whose medical records were reviewed, 202 dogs and 6 cats were DCM cases with heart changes characteristic of DCM on cardiac ultrasound – including decreased ventricular systolic function and dilation. Additionally, FDA is working to determine whether there is a disease continuum that includes early cardiac changes that could indicate developing DCM or if there are other cardiac changes of importance.įDA’s review of medical records for reports is ongoing and the following data are a summary for only a subset of collected medical records for both DCM and non-DCM cardiac cases as of April 30, 2019. To better understand the reported cardiac diseases, FDA investigated many of the DCM cases, as well as some of these non-DCM cardiac cases, by reviewing medical records and performing dietary and environmental exposure interviews. The FDA additionally received many reports of non-DCM cardiac disease in dogs and cats during this timeframe. Case Investigationīetween Januand April 30, 2019, the FDA received 524 reports of involving 560 dogs and 14 cats diagnosed with DCM. A key partner in the investigation is the Veterinary Laboratory Investigation and Response Network (Vet-LIRN), a collaboration of government and veterinary diagnostic laboratories. CVM veterinarians, nutritionists, pathologists and epidemiologists are collaborating with several sectors of the animal health world to collect and evaluate information about the DCM cases and the diets pets ate prior to becoming ill. Since then, the FDA’s Center for Veterinary Medicine (CVM) has taken a multi-pronged approach to the investigation. Many of these products are labeled as “grain-free” or “zero-grain.” ![]() DCM itself is not considered rare in dogs, but these reports are unusual because many of the reported cases occurred in breeds of dogs not typically genetically predisposed to the disease and were reported to have been fed diets containing legumes like peas or lentils, other legume ingredients (pulses) or potatoes as main ingredients. ![]() ![]() In July 2018, the FDA alerted the public about an investigation into reports of canine dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) in dogs eating certain pet food. For more general information, please visit FDA Investigation into Potential Link between Certain Diets and Canine Dilated Cardiomyopathy. This update describes FDA and Vet-LIRN’s investigative efforts through April 2019 at a level of technical detail geared toward veterinarians. ![]()
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